Mouth Breathing
Mouth breathing occurs when a person breathes primarily through the mouth rather than the nose, often due to nasal obstruction or other health issues
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH)
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) can be caused by several conditions that affect the cerebral vascular system, including diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis – but lifestyle choices, such as smoking, also play a role. With CCH now recognized as a key contributor to the neurodegenerative processes that can lead to dementia (1), attention has turned to early diagnosis and prediction. And a new study (2) has proposed that retinal imaging – or, more precisely, exploring the retinal microvasculature using two-photon microscopy – shows potential in predicting the risk of brain diseases involving reduced blood flow.
Two-photon microscopy is a fluorescence-based technique that can be used to measure living tissue with approximately one millimeter thickness. The novel imaging technique - innovative in that it requires no adaptive optics – allows researchers to investigate retinal blood flow at the microscopic level. Because the retina is located in the peripheral part of the central nervous system – sharing similarities with cerebral brain matter but with a simpler structure and fewer nerve cell types – it makes it an excellent target for providing more accurate insights into the microvasculature of the brain. The study findings suggest this new technique has the potential to be applied to a wide variety of retinal research, and serve as a promising predictor for CCH, as well as acting as an early diagnostic biomarker for other cerebrovascular diseases.
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ALS(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscles, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and ultimately respiratory failure.
Common Hormones and Their Nicknames
Many hormones also have scientific abbreviations and are grouped by chemical classes (e.g., peptide, steroid, amine). The nicknames often come from their most prominent and publicized effects on health or behavior.
A1C
A1C, also known as hemoglobin A1C or HbA1c, is a blood test that measures the average level of blood glucose (sugar) over the past two to three months.
Joint hypermobility syndrome(JHS)
Joint hypermobility syndrome is when one has very flexible joints because the joints are loose and stretchy when the ligaments that should make them stronger and support them are weak
Sjögren's disease i
Sjögren's disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that mainly affects the glands that produce moisture in the body, such as those responsible for saliva and tears, resulting in symptoms like dry mouth and dry eyes