Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-associated disease (MOGAD)

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-associated disease (MOGAD) is an antibody-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) with various phenotypes starting from optic neuritis, via transverse myelitis to acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and cortical encephalitis. The clinical picture of this condition is similar to the presentation of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), most experts consider MOGAD to be a distinct entity with different immune system pathology. MOG is a molecule detected on the outer membrane of myelin sheaths and expressed primarily within the brain, spinal cord and optic nerve.

MOG antibody disorder preferentially causes inflammation in the optic nerve but can also cause inflammation in the spinal cord, brain and brain stem. Loss or blurring of vision in one or both eye,Loss of color vision, Paralysis (no motor function) of a limb or limbs, Paraparesis (weakness) of a limb or limbs, Loss of sensation and Loss of bladder control, are some of the symptoms.

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Author

Paddy Kalish OD, JD and B.Arch

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