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Phantosmia

Paddy Kalish OD Blog Phantosmia
Phantosmia, or phantom smells, are perceived smells that are not actually present. These olfactory hallucinations can be caused by various factors affecting the nose or brain, including head injuries, neurological conditions, and even viral infections . Other potential causes include aging, upper respiratory infections, temporal lobe seizures, and certain medications. 
 
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
Causes Related to the Nose : 
 
Damage to the olfactory mucosa or sensory receptors: This can result from head injuries, infections, or irritants. 
 

Nasal polyps, chronic sinusitis, or allergies: These conditions can cause inflammation and irritation, potentially leading to phantom smells. 

Exposure to toxic chemicals: Exposure to substances like mercury or lead can also trigger phantosmia. 
 
Causes Related to the Brain: 
 
  • Neurological conditions:
    Conditions like Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, and brain tumors can affect the brain's ability to process smells correctly. 
     
  • Migraines:
    Some individuals experience phantom smells as a type of aura before or during a migraine. 
     
  • Head injuries:
    Traumatic brain injuries can disrupt the neural pathways involved in smell perception. 
     
  • Viral infections:
    These can cause temporary or persistent changes in smell perception. 
     
Other Potential Causes:
  • Aging: Changes in smell perception are common with age. 
     
  • Certain medications: Some medications can have phantom smells as a side effect. 
     
  • Hypothyroidism: A deficiency in thyroid hormones can also be linked to phantom smells. 
     
  • Dental issues: In some cases, dental problems like gum disease can be associated with phantom smells. 
     
Important Considerations:
  • Phantosmia can be distressing and impact quality of life. 
     
  • It's crucial to identify the underlying cause to determine the best course of treatment. 
     
  • If you experience persistent or concerning phantom smells, consult with a doctor to investigate the cause and explore potential treatments. 
Author
Paddy Kalish OD, JD and B.Arch Author and Blogger

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